Tafsir (Exegesis) Surah Hud verse 20

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Fu’ad   
Thabata, Tathbit, Thabit  





11:120 All that we relate to thee of the stories of the apostles, with it We make Tahbata (Firm) your Fu'ad (Heart): in them there cometh to you the Truth, as well as an exhortation and a message of remembrance to those who believe.

Re-write of the above translation given the research below:
11:120 All these (tales) we have narrated to you based upon the information about the (past) messengers was for the purpose of stabilizing and strengthening the outer-crust of your heart that is exposed to the flaming abuses of the opposition and daily life and personal anxieties and stresses, as well as empowering the outer-surface of your heart to absorb the Nur (Divine Light) and Tajalli (Lucent Manifestations) without any occlusions, while the motivation for these stories is to constitute these three:  the Haqq (Absolute Truth & Reality) Exhortation and Remembrance (of the past prophetic events), so that you are assured firmly that what Tajalli (Lucent Manifestation) dawning upon you is the same that dawned upoon those messengers prior to the advent of your prophethood and what of hardships and abuses befall you are indeed the same calamities that befell those messengers before you, as such is the tradition of Allah.













Razi

There is strangely an intricate point in this verse: For the Ma’refa (Divine Gnostics), definitely, there are recipients and motives:

1.    Recipient i.e. The heart that does not have the necessary perfection for Isti’dad (Appetition & Aptitude) to receive these Divine Gnostics and Sanctified Tajalli (Lucent Manifestations). The heart does gain the full benefit of the rational (of the Divine Gnostics) and for that reason Allah mentions the correction of the heart. And that correction is called Tathbit (Consolidation and Confirmation) Al-Fu’ad (A peculiar configuration of the heart, see below).
2.    Motive immediately follows the recipient i.e. the advent of this Surah comprises of the Haqq (Absolute Truth & Reality) Exhortation and Remembrance (of the past prophetic events). This order is that of the ultimate nobility and sublimity.





تفسير مفاتيح الغيب ، التفسير الكبير/ الرازي (ت 606 هـ)
ثم ههنا دقيقة أخرى عجيبة: وهي أن المعارف الإلهية لا بد لها من قابل ومن موجب، وقابلها هو القلب، والقلب ما لم يكن كامل الاستعداد لقبول تلك المعارف الإلهية والتجليات القدسية، لم يحصل الانتفاع بسماع الدلائل، فلهذا السبب قدم الله تعالى ذكر إصلاح القلب، وهو تثبيت الفؤاد، ثم لما ذكر صلاح حال القابل، أردفه بذكر الموجب، وهو مجيء هذه السورة المشتملة على الحق والموعظة والذكرى، وهذا الترتيب في غاية الشرف والجلالة.




 
Baqli
The Truthful ‘Arif (Divine Cognoscente) once within the sea of Azal (Sempiternity) and sees the bewildering Kashaf (Unveiling) of the Sifat (Divine Attributes) and the rays of Dhat (Divine Essence), will be perplexed by his newly acquired status and suspects that this has never happened to any other person and has happened to him exclusively. In the beginning he feels strongly that he is singled out for this circumstance, and for that reason Allah informs him of the similar circumstances of those passed before him; that not only this state is not strange or unique but quite well-cognized amongst the Arifin (Divine Cognoscenti), well-known amongst the Siddiqin (The Truthful) and well-elucidated by the messengers; and that is only due to the Allah’s Tradition through choosing the Aulia (Close Friends of Allah) within the Azal (Sempiternity) and nothing within the Hadathan (Transient Realms) can alter this, as have been said by Allah:

17:77 (This was Our) way with the apostles We sent before you: you shall find no change in Our ways.





تفسير عرائس البيان في حقائق القرآن/ البقلي (ت 606 هـ)
قوله تعالى { وَكُـلاًّ نَّقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ ٱلرُّسُلِ مَا نُثَبِّتُ بِهِ فُؤَادَكَ } انهم رزقك الله فهم خطابه فان الصادق العارف اذا وقع فى بحر الازل ويرى عجائب كشوف الصفات وانوار الذات سبحانه تعجب بشانه وظن ان واقعته لم تقع على احد غيره خاصة فى بداية حاله وبديهة كشفه فظن انه فريد فى حاله فعرف الله سبحانه احوال ما مضى على اوليائه ليعلم ان حاله لم يكن غريبا بل يكون معروفا عند العارفين ومعلوما عند الصديقين ومشروحا عند المرسلين ليفرح بسنة الله التى جرت باصطفائية اوليائه فى اوليائه فى الازل ولا يغيرها طوارق الحدثان قال تعالى
{ سُنَّةَ مَن قَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا قَبْلَكَ مِن رُّسُلِنَا وَلاَ تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنَا تَحْوِيلاً }


Baqi
For something that is made cognizant amongst the scholars and Aulia (Friends of Allah) there are no variants or mutations, as was said by the Abu Bakr Kattani: I asked Junaid about the articulation and discourse of the past stories and he replied: The stories (of the past pious) is an army of many armies of Allah upon Allah’ earth, through them the circumstances of the Murids (Seekers of Allah) are strengthened, and then I asked if there is a proof for this in the book of Allah and he recited:

11:120 All that we relate to thee of the stories of the apostles, with it We make Thabata (Firm) your Fu'ad (Heart): in them there cometh to you the Truth, as well as an exhortation and a message of remembrance to those who believe.


والشئ اذا كان معروفا عند العلماء والاولياء لا مدخل فيه للمعارضات والشبهات قال ابو بكر الكتانى سألت الجنيد عن مجاراة الحكايات قال هى جنود من جنود الله فى ارضه يقوى بها احوال المريدين فقلت أله اصل فى الكتاب قال: قال تعالى { وَكُـلاًّ نَّقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ }





Baqli
“an exhortation and a message of remembrance to those who believe” is the form/shape of the Qur’an; that exhortation is for the people who are concerned with social/economic dealings and the reality/truth of these form/shapes are lucent information for the people who observe the enlightenments. All are cognizant from the sea of Qur’an in accordance to their circumstances and levels of understanding. The general public/readers belong to the very surface while the specialists belong to the deep core (of the Qur’an). Even amongst the specialists there are peculiar specialists that see the Tajalli (Lucent Manifestation) of Al-Haqq (Absolute & True Reality, Allah) and thus see the reality of Qur’an which this reality is the Azali (Sempiternal) attribute, that if the Qur’an is unveiled at its root/origin indeed its reality and truth is then uncovered and that is so for the very specialized folk as Imam Ali elucidated on this matter: Indeed Allah does make Tajalli (Lucent Manifestation) for the ITs/His slaves within Qur’an.


قوله تعالى { وَمَوْعِظَةٌ وَذِكْرَىٰ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ } صورة القرآن موعظة لاهل المعاملات وحقائقه تبصرة لاهل المعاينات يعرف الكل من بحار القرآن ما يوافق حاله وفهمه وادراكه فالعموم متعلقون بظاهره والخصوص متعلقون بباطنه وخصوص الخصوص فى تجلى الحق فيه وحقيقة القرآن هو الصفة الازلية فاذا انكشف القرآن باصله فقد انكشف الحق فيه لمن خص بخصوصية الصفة واخبر بذلك امير المؤمنين علي بن أبي طالب كرم الله وجهه فقال ان الله يتجلى لعباده فى القرآن



Al-Khazin
Ka’ab Al-Ahbar (The Hebrew Mystic) said: The end of Surah Hud is the same as the end of the Torah, and Allah knows ITs/His own intentions and holy-books’ secrets.


 تفسير لباب التأويل في معاني التنزيل/ الخازن (ت 741 هـ)
قال كعب الأحبار: خاتمة التوراة خاتمة سورة هود والله أعلم بمراده وأسرار كتابه.




Fu’ad

Haqqi
Kashani said: For the heart there is a dimensionality/facet pointing towards the Soul called Fu’ad and this dimensionality/Fu’ad is within the ‘place/space’ of Shuhud (Observation) as has been said by Allah:

53:11 The (Prophet's) Fu’ad (Heart’s facet) in no way falsified that which he saw.

And another dimensionality/face of the heart that points towards the Nafs (Self) is called Sadr and that is the ‘place/space’ for formation of the ‘Ilm (Divine Knowledge); heart is the throne of the soul within the realm of Ghayb (Unseen) as the ‘Arsh (Divine Throne) is the very heart of the all existence within the observable realm.



تفسير روح البيان في تفسير القرآن/ حقي (ت 1127 هـ)
قال القاشانى رحمه الله فى شرح التائية للقلب وجه الى الروح يسمى فؤادا وهو فى محل الشهود كما قال سبحانه
{ ما كذب الفؤاد ما رأى }
ووجه الى النفس يسمى صدرا وهو محل صور العلوم والقلب عرش الروح فى عالم الغيب كما ان العرش قلب الكائنات فى عالم الشهادة


Isfahani (Mufradat)
Fu’ad means the heart however it is called Fu’ad if the expression of 'grilling upon a flame' is intentded. The specialized usage of the word Fu’ad in place of the heart conveys the Fu’ad being the recipient of countless impacts and stimulus. Al-Burhan Bughai said: Fu’ad is called as such sine it is the most delicate part of the body, feels the most pain and suffering due to the incoming abuses, however it is also the very origin of all corrupting ideas, the reservoir for the love of the money and the source for the emanation of all shameful acts.

Usage of Fu’ad in Qur’an:
53:11 The (Prophet's) Fu’ad (Heart’s facet) in no way falsified that which he saw.
17:36 And pursue not that of which you have no knowledge; for every act of hearing, or of seeing or of (feeling in) the Fu’ad (Heart) will be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).
14:37 "O our Lord! I have made some of my offspring to dwell in a valley without cultivation, by Your Sacred House; in order, O our Lord, that they may establish regular Prayer: so fill the Fu’ad (Hearts) of some among men with love towards them, and feed them with fruits: so that they may give thanks.
16:78 It is Hu/He Who brought you forth from the wombs of your mothers when ye knew nothing; and Hu/He gave you hearing and sight and Fu’ad (Hearts): that ye may give thanks (to Allah) (similar usage in 23:78, 32:9, 46:26, 67:23)
104:7 The which (the Fire) does mount (Right) to the Fu’ad (Hearts)



مفردات ألفاظ القرآن. - للأصفهاني
فأد
-الفؤاد كالقلب لكن يقال له فؤاد إذا اعتبر فيه معنى التفؤد، أي: التوقد، يقال: فأدت اللحم: شويته، ولحم فئيد: مشوي. قال تعالى: {ما كذب الفؤاد ما رأى} <النجم/11>، {إن السمع والبصر والفؤاد} <الإسراء/36>، وجمع الفؤاد: أفئدة. قال: {فاجعل أفئدة من الناس تهوي إليهم} <إبراهيم/37>، {وجعل لكم السمع والأبصار والأفئدة} <الملك/23>، {وأفئدتهم هواء} <إبراهيم/43>، {نار الله الموقدة * التي تطلع على الأفئدة} <الهمزة/6 - 7>. وتخصيص الأفئدة تنبيه على فرط تأثير له (قال البرهان البقاعي: وخص بالذكر لأنه ألطف ما في البدن، وأشده تألما بأدنى من الأذى، ولأنه منشأ العقائد الفاسدة، ومعدن حب المال الذي هو منشأ الفساد والضلال، وعنه تصدر الأفعال القبيحة. انظر: نظم الدرر 22/248)، وما بعد هذا الكتاب من الكتب في علم القرآن موضع ذكره.



Lisanul Arab
Fu’ad is heart or Fu’ad is the surface crust of the heat and the Qalb is the core where it is the darkest i.e. nothing can reach that depth and concealment. Ubay Zu’aib versed:

The Fu’ad (Heart) saw her and his misguidance sought such misguidance!

Dara: Fu’ad as the outer-crust of the heart has the attribute of exposure to worldly impact of desires and lusts and anxieties and so on, as well as the spiritual exposure to the Nur (Divine Light) as an Eye, the receptor for Nur. Moreover from the poem we get the linguistic feel that the Fu’ad as the outer-surface of the heart is ocular.


لسان العرب  ابن منظور
والفؤادُ: القلب، وقيل: وسَطُه، وقيل: الفؤاد غِشاءُ القلبِ، والقلبُ حبته وسُوَيْداؤُه؛ وقول أَبي ذؤيب:

 رآها الفُؤادُ فاستَضَلَّ ضَلالَـه،  نِيافاً من البيضِ الحِسانِ العِطائِل
ِ 
رأَى ههنا من رؤية القلب وقد بينه بقوله رآها الفؤاد والمفعول الثاني نيافاً، وقد يكون نيافاً حالاً كأَنه لما كانت محبتها تلي القلب وتدخله صار كأَن له عينين يراها بهما؛



Thabata, Tathbit, Thabit

Isfahani (Mufradat)
Thabata is the opposite of the cessation. 8:45 ‘O you who believe! When ye meet a force, be Thabata (Firm, Persistent) , and call Allah in remembrance much (and often); that ye may prosper’, Thabata here means to persist and stay firm against the enemy, also the illness Thabata (Persists) again carries the same concept. Also it means the ‘proof’ when verified by the eye or the spiritual eye i.e. some object is seen by the eye therefore it exits e.g. the prophethood of the Muhammad is Thabata means it was seen by the Basira (Spiritual Eye of the Heart).

Exit-Transformation from ‘Adam (Non-Being) to Wujud (Being) is also called Tahabata e.g. Allah Thabata something i.e. Allah made something to become or Allah Thabata some edict i.e. Allah ordained some commandment.

14:27 Allah will establish in strength those who believe, with the word that Tahabta (stands firm), in this world and in the Hereafter; but Allah will leave, to stray, those who do wrong: Allah doeth what Hu/He willeth. Again here the Thabata means to empower and strengthen with powerful rationalization.

Thabat of the deeds means the fruition of the actions e.g. 4:66 But if they had done what they were (actually) told, it would have been best for them, and would have Thabata (gone farthest bearing fruits) to strengthen their (faith).

Yuthabbitu means to strengthen to empower.




مفردات ألفاظ القرآن. الإصدار 2.03 - للأصفهاني
كتاب الثاء
ثبت
-الثبات ضد الزوال، يقال: ثبت يثبت ثباتا، قال الله تعالى: {يا أيها الذين آمنوا إذا لقيتم فئة فاثبتوا} <الأنفال/45>، ورجل ثبت وثبيت في الحرب، وأثبته السقم (قال ابن فارس: وأثبته السقم:إذا لم يكد يفارقه)، ويقال ذلك للموجود بالبصر أو البصيرة، فيقال: فلان ثابت عندي، ونبوة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ثابتة، والإثبات والتثبيت تارة يقال بالفعل، فيقال لما يخرج من العدم إلى الوجود، نحو: أثبت الله كذا، وتارة لما يثبت بالحكم، فيقال: أثبت الحاكم على فلان كذا وثبته، وتارة لما يكون بالقول، سواء كان ذلك صدقا منه أو كذبا، فيقال: أثبت التوحيد وصدق النبوة (راجع: بصائر ذوي التمييز 1/347)، وفلان أثبت مع الله إلها آخر، وقوله تعالى: {ليثبتوك أو يقتلوك} <الأنفال/30>، أي: يثبطوك ويحيروك، وقوله تعالى: {يثبت الله الذين آمنوا بالقول الثابت في الحياة الدنيا} <إبراهيم/27>، أي: يقويهم بالحجج القوية، وقوله تعالى: {ولو أنهم فعلوا ما يوعظون به لكان خيرا لهم وأشد تثبيتا} <النساء/66>، أي: أشد لتحصيل علمهم. وقيل: أثبت لأعمالهم واجتناء ثمرة أفعالهم، وأن يكونوا بخلاف من قال فيهم: {وقدمنا إلى ما عملوا من عمل فجعلناه هباء منثورا} <الفرقان/23>، يقال: ثبته، أي: قويته، قال الله تعالى: {ولولا أن ثبتناك} <الإسراء/74>، وقال: {فثبتوا الذين آمنوا} <الأنفال/12>، وقال: {وتثبيتا من أنفسهم} <البقرة/265>، وقال: {وثبت أقدامنا} <البقرة/250>.











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