Sabbaha (Sanctified) vs. Usabbihu ( is Sanctifying)
Usage of the word 'sanctify' in verb-form in the Qur’an
Discussion Join
See Also:
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/subhan_subbuh.html
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/sobhaan.html
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/majaz.html
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/papillon.html
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/harf.html
Contents:
Occurrences
Ma'refa (Gnosis)
Template Fa’ala
The Two Hydrophobic Seas
Two Prehensions
Li
(Specialization)
Ma (What)
Three Harf
(Divine Alphabets)
Tashdid
of Ba: Formation of the Individual
Sabbaha (Sanctified): The past tense
Non-cognitive Tasbih Example: Gene Expression
Moses’ Angelic Tasbih
It is customary to use the phrase ‘Glory to Allah’ with the
associated
meaning of sanctification, adoration and praise for God. However,
upon closer study
of the linguistics of the word Sabaha or sanctify in the Arabic of the
Qur’an, a far more elaborate set of meanings is revealed. In earlier
attempts "Sabaha" (Sanctify) in Masdar (Verbal Noun) form was
researched:
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/subhan_subbuh.html
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/sobhaan.html
In the following treatise the verb format of the word "Sabaha" is
explored, in the past tense form: "Sabbaha" and in the present tense
form: "Usabbihu".
Occurrences
Occurrences of the verb-form of Sabaha in the Qur’an are under strict
linguistic specifications:
1. Sabbaha,
past tense singular for everything: [57:1], [59:1] and [61:1]
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
2. Usabbihu,
present tense singular for everything: [59:24], [62:1], [64:1],
[24:41], [17:44], [24:36], [59:24] and [13:13]
هُوَ اللَّهُ الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِئُ الْمُصَوِّرُ لَهُ
الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَى يُسَبِّحُ
لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ
وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
يُسَبِّحُ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي
الْأَرْضِ الْمَلِكِ الْقُدُّوسِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ
يُسَبِّحُ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي
الْأَرْضِ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ
قَدِيرٌ
أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُ مَنْ فِي
السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالطَّيْرُ صَافَّاتٍ كُلٌّ قَدْ عَلِمَ
صَلَاتَهُ وَتَسْبِيحَهُ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ
تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمَوَاتُ السَّبْعُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ
فِيهِنَّ وَإِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ
وَلَكِنْ لَا
تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا
فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ وَيُذْكَرَ
فِيهَا اسْمُهُ يُسَبِّحُ
لَهُ فِيهَا بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالْآَصَالِ
وَيُسَبِّحُ
الرَّعْدُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ
خِيفَتِهِ وَيُرْسِلُ الصَّوَاعِقَ فَيُصِيبُ بِهَا مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُمْ
يُجَادِلُونَ فِي اللَّهِ وَهُوَ شَدِيدُ الْمِحَالِ
3. Nusabbihu-Ka,
present plural ‘we shall/are
sanctify(ing) You’ only for Moses and his brother as a team [20:33]
كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ
كَثِيرًا
4. Nusabbihu,
present first person plural ‘we shall/are
sanctify(ing)’ followed by Bi-Hamdi-Ka (By means of Your Praise) for
angels [2:30]
يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ وَنَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ
بِحَمْدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
5. Usabbihuna-(Hu),
present 3rd person plural ‘They shall/are
sanctify(ing)’ for angels and those close to Allah [7:206],
[21:20],
[39:75], [40:7], [41:38] and [42:5]
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ
عِبَادَتِهِ وَيُسَبِّحُونَهُ
وَلَهُ يَسْجُدُونَ
يُسَبِّحُونَ
اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ لَا يَفْتُرُونَ
وَتَرَى الْمَلَائِكَةَ حَافِّينَ مِنْ حَوْلِ الْعَرْشِ
يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ
رَبِّهِمْ وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَقِيلَ
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ
الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ
يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ
رَبِّهِمْ وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ
لِلَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَعِلْمًا
فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ
الْجَحِيمِ
فَإِنِ اسْتَكْبَرُوا فَالَّذِينَ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ
يُسَبِّحُونَ لَهُ
بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْأَمُونَ
تَكَادُ السَّمَوَاتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْ فَوْقِهِنَّ
وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يُسَبِّحُونَ
بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ
لِمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَلَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
6. Tusabbihu,
present singular female [17:44]
تُسَبِّحُ
لَهُ السَّمَوَاتُ السَّبْعُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ
فِيهِنَّ وَإِنْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمْدِهِ وَلَكِنْ لَا
تَفْقَهُونَ تَسْبِيحَهُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا
Ma'refa (Gnosis)
Mufradat Isfahani
“Sabaha is the rapid motion within the water or air. Tasbih’s origin is
quick motion within the Ibada (Servitude) for Allah. (Rushing
to
worship Allah)”
اصفهاني
مفردات
السبح المرُّ السريعُ في الماءِ أو في
الهوا
التسبيح اصله المرُّ السريعُ في
عبادة الله تعالى
Sabaha is fast motion within aquatic or aerial space. Ibada (Servitude)
for Allah
has also spatiotemporal attributes. Therefore Ibada is
a
habitat within which the slave of Allah offers his servitude as rapid
motions, like unto
aquatic or aerial motions. The rapid swimming of the fish within the
sea or the gliding of the birds in the sky are examples of their Tasbih
for Allah.
Cognitive or non-cognitive responses to Allah are
extremely rapid, that
is, the slaves cannot pause, muse and then move sluggishly,
intermittently to show servitude towards Allah. Their motion towards
Allah
is through a series of rapid ceaseless motions as if cruising upon
water
or gliding within the sky.
Look at the planet we live on: It rotates around itself with quite
high speed, rotates around the sun fast, and the entire solar
system/galaxy is moving at mind-boggling speed within space!
Nevertheless. I am
sitting down now typing and do not feel any of those incredible speeds
i.e. we are all in super fast speeds rushing towards Allah, yet very
few of us are aware of this incredible motion.
Qushairi
Al-Tasbih is Taqdis (Sanctification) and Tanszih (Purification); it
also means the swimming of the Sirr (The
Divine
Observatory) within the Seas of ‘Ijlal (Veils that conceal Allah).
Dara
Sirr
is the most subtle spiritual faculty within human beings and the
place for Shuhud (Observations), this Rahi (Author) has
coined the term ‘Divine
Observatory’ to refer to it, very much
like a telescope! Our Sirr
swims fast within the sea of all the veils
that cloak Allah’s
Beauty and Might while we helplessly attempt to see something within
this sea until, fully
disappointed, we acknowledge that we cannot see anything and that is
the
rank of Tasbih.
تفسير لطائف
الإشارات / القشيري (ت 465 هـ)
التسبيحُ التقديسُ والتنزيه، ويكون بمعنى سباحة الأسرار في بحار الإجلال،
These motions, for the most part, are involuntary whether they are
cognitive
in nature or not. The non-cognitive Tasbih is, partly, generated by the
deeply buried water molecules within the protein crevices and their
putative proton translocation that in nature is Quantal i.e. the mass
of the water protons do not move but their charges/wave-functions do.
For more detail please see:
http://www.untiredwithloving.org/majaz.html#cellular_water
Template Fa’ala
Hamlawi
Shadha Al-‘Urf Fi Fan Al-Sarf
The template Fa’ala is used with 8 different meanings, two of which are
common to other verb templates and six are exclusive to this template:
1. Intensity: Jawwala or Tawwafa means roamed and
circumambulated many many times.
2. Something morphing to look like something else:
Qawwasa means something was bent into a bow or Hajjara Al-Tin meaning
the mud turned into stone.
3. Attributing something to the meaning of a verb:
Fassaqtu
Zaid means I attributed corruption to Zaid or Kaffartuhu I attribute
disbelief to him
4. Focus and attention towards something: Sharraqtu
or
Gharabbtu I turned my attention to east or west.
5. Compression: Hallala to
mean La Ilaha Ilal-lahi
(No deity other than Allah), Sabbaha
to mean Subhanal-Lahi
(Sanctification
for Allah) or Labbaya to mean Labbaika (read to serve
you) and Ammana to mean Amen.
6. Accepting something: Shaffa’tu Zaid means I
accepted the intercession of the Zaid.
Sometimes the template appears but the final derivative has a
totally different meaning e.g. Ajjazat Al-Mara’t to mean the woman
reached old age. (Reaching old age has nothing to do with the
original verb Ajaza).
شذا العرف في فن
الصرف أحمد الحملاوي
3- فعل
يكثر استعمالها في ثمانية معان، تشارك أفعل في اثنين منها، وهما التعدية،
كقومت زيدا وقعدته، والإزالة كجربت البعير وقشرت الفاكهة، أي: أزلت جربه،
وأزلت قشره.
وتنفرد بستة.
أولها: التكثير في الفعل، كجول، وطوف: أكثر الجولان، والطوفان، أو في
المفعول، كغلقت الأبواب، أو في الفاعل، كموتت الإبل وبركت.
وثانيها: صيرورة شيء شبه شيء، كقوس وحجر الطين، أي: صار شبه القوس في
الانحناء، والحجر في الجمود.
وثالثها: نسبة الشيء إلى أصل الفعل، كفسقت زيدا، أو كفرته: نسبته إلى
الفسق، أوالكفر.
ورابعها: التوجه إلى الشيء، كشرقت، أوغربت: توجهت إلى الشرق، أو الغرب.
وخامسها: اختصار حكاية الشيء، كهلل وسبح ولبى وأمن: إذا قال: لا إله إلا
الله، وسبحان الله، ولبيك، وآمين.
وسادسها. قبول الشيء، كشفعت زيدا: قبلت شفاعته.
وربما ورد بمعنى أصله، أو بمعنى تفعل، كولى وتولى وفكر وتفكر. وربما أغنى
عن أصله لعدم وروده، كعيره إذا عابه، وعجزت المرأة: بلغت السن العالية.
Dara
In the case of Sabbaha in the context of Qur’anic verses,
meanings #1, #5
and possibly #4 are applicable.
#1: If the verse had said Sabaha Lil-Lahi (with one b in Sabah) it
would have meant: only he praised Allah only
once, while Sabbaha
Lil-Lahi (with two bs in sabbaha) means he praised Allah many many
times in excess.
The intensity is indicated by the Tashdid on the Ba (‘b’ sound).
#5: Sabbaha is a compressed form of an abstraction that points to an
infinite set of beings and processes which are involved in a single
proper praise
of Allah!
Praising Allah even once is an endless process which
requires infinite sums of energies, planning and intelligence. However
Allah has endowed the Wujud (Being) with the
ability to praise Hu
(IT, Him)
by using compressed abstractions such as Sabbaha.
#4: (Possibly) The sole focus of every Wujud (Being) is to
praise Allah
cognitively or non-cognitively, this focus is rendered via the use
of the above template. You might also say that the only thing creation
ever did is to praise Allah and nothing else.
The Two Hydrophobic Seas
55:19. Hu/IT
has let free the two seas,
meeting together
مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ
يَلْتَقِيَانِ
55:20. Between them (two) is
a
Barrier which they do not transgress
بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ لَّا يَبْغِيَانِ
The multiverse has been partitioned in two and is in a continuous state
of
active
partitioning like two hydrophobic seas simultaneously pushing against
one another and
repelling one another—There is no immixing. The
spiritual realm and the corporeal realm are hydrophobically kept
asunder.
Sabbaha (Sanctification in the deep past) pushes towards the Qidam
(Realm
of all actualities) while the Usabbihu (Sanctification in the
present
tense) pushes towards this temporal transient universe.
Vast quantities of varied energies are required for this partition, the
Tashdid (Repeat letter) of Illa (Other
than) is the source of all such
necessary powers. The Tashdid of the Ba (‘b’ sound) of both Sabbaha and
Usabbihu are the Harf (Divine Alphabets)
within which the
energies are
stored, for each creature that is a part of the pushing apart of the
two seas.
Had these energies not existed, no creature could sanctify
Allah! It is
for that reason that the Prophet taught us to say:
"Subhanal-lāhi
Wa Bi-Hamdihi" (Sanctification
for Allah while being thankful) in
which the
Waw-Haliaya (meaning while) indicates that only within
the manifolds of Hamd (Praise and
gratitude) does the slave realize
that he
is given the powers to sanctify Allah. Indeed the bestowal and
allocation of these energies within the Harf (Divine Alphabets)
is one
of the greatest endowments from Allah, for they allow every creature to
be able to sanctify Allah, in the present moment and in their
primordial deep infinite past within the Qidam (The Realm
of all
Actualities).
The Murid (The seeker of the Divine Being) must traverse both seas and
the Barzakh (Barrier) in order to advance towards Allah. Without
this
Voyage
of Tahlil (Statement
of Divine Oneness) there is no way to
advance towards
Allah. As indicated above the energies for the inter-universe travels
are provided within the acts and the words of the sanctification and
all creatures inescapably ride along these energies
towards Allah.
The divide between the two seas caused by Sabbaha and Usabbihu
is understood to be for the sanctification of Allah i.e.
Allah is far
removed
and above all else that is not Hu
and all else that is not Allah is
pushed away from the holiness and purity of the Divine Presence.
‘Pushing away’ means that all creatures maintain and continue their
non-deity
status and adhere strictly to the laws of nature with the necessary
limitations needed for these laws to be enforced .
Two Prehensions
Our existence is a false Wujud(Being) or in
techno language it is a
simulation! We really do not
exist! That Divine Beloved is the only One who exists and He exists in
an
absolute mode. He has no need for any other being to exist upon.
As for any other simulation, there is a need for complex machinery to
mimic the actual thing. Our simulation is comprised of two Prehensions:
1. P+: A positive prehension
that is moving towards
the Qidam (The Space
of all actualities), prehends Allah’s
absolute and
unique Wujud (Being).
During the movement towards the Qidam, our
simulation goes through phases e.g. the Fana (Evanescence) phase where
our simulation ends gradually! This voyage away from all other than
Allah, including the ‘I’, is rendered by the Harf (Divine
Alphabet) Sabbaha and the energy for the voyage is stored within
the
Tashdid of the Harf
Ba (‘b’ sound).
2. P-: A negative prehension
that is moving towards
this temporal transient universe, negatively prehends the Ilah (Deity)
i.e. La Ilaha (No Deity).
This negative prehension is rendered via the
Harf (Divine
Alphabet) Usabbihu meaning no deity whatsoever is
worshiped or served. Again the Tashdid of the Harf Ba (‘b’
sound)
fuels
the said voyage towards this transient temporal realm.
The entanglement of P+ and P- forms the vector that has one endpoint
here i.e. our false simulated Wujud (Being)
stretching towards
Allah as the
only deity of the heavens and earth.
This entanglement can be imagined as a braid that requires much energy
to twist and hold the two strands above described together. Only upon
the
expenditure of such vast energies and braiding entanglement of the two
Prehensions is our simulation possible.
Ma (What)
There are two asymmetrical views along the
braided vector of the P+ and P- Prehensions. Looking from ‘there to
here’ or Insan
Kamil we see only ONE: Everything is for Allah/Hu or
Lil-Lahi or Lahu. On the other hand, looking backwards from ‘here
to there’
we see much! We see Kathra (Multitude) which in the Qur’an is referred
to as
Ma (What/All that) is within the heavens and the earth.
Q: What is the false Wujud (Being) or the
simulation?
A: Ibn Arabi: ‘Everything in the heavens and in the earth Sabbaha
(Sanctified) Lil-Lahi ((for) Allah)’ means
Allah exposed everything
that exists to Hus (ITs, His)
purification from any and all
potentialities
(Mumkin, Imkan) and made them accept their evanescent
being—due to the absolute Wujud (Being) of Allah.
تفسير تفسير القرآن /
ابن عربي (ت 638 هـ)
{ سبح لله ما في السموات والأرض } أظهر كل موجود تنزيهه عن الإمكان وقبول
الفناء بوجوده الإضافي وثباته
Three Harf (Divine Alphabet)
Sabaha is made up of three letters:
1. Sin: ‘s’sound that can be interpreted as an
indirect
flash of light
2. Ba: ‘b’ sound that can be interpreted as the
overwhelming beauty that brim-fills the eyes or beauty that goes beyond
the capacity of any eye to endure
3. Ha: ‘h’ sound that can be interpreted as either a)
Hamd adoration for the Divine Presence or b) Hayat or Life!
Three Harf (Divine
Alphabets) put together spell a linked chain with
the self-entanglement of the Ba shown as a complex knot that stores
internal energy.
The chain starts with a sudden unexpected indirect Divine Flash of Nur
(Divine
Light) followed by the Self-Entanglement
of the overpowering
Divine
Beauty which has much energy stored within it for the upcoming
voyage
and
finally rapid movement appear within the habitat of Ibada (Divine
Servitude, worship) which result in life as we know it.
لسان
العرب ابن منظور
والبَهاء: المَنْظَر الحَسَنُ الرائع
المالئ للعين. والبَهِيُّ: الشيء ذو البَهاء مما يملأُ العينَ رَوْعُه
وحُسْنه.
لسان العرب ابن
منظور
سنا
سَنَت النارُ تَسْنُو سَناءً: عَلا ضَوْءُها. والسَّنا، مقصورٌ:ضوءُ
النارِ والبرْقِ، وفي التهذيب: السَّنا، مقصورٌ، حَدُّ مُنْتَهى ضوْءِ
البرْقِ. وقد أَسْنَى البرْقُ إذا دَخلَ سَناهُ عليكَ بيتَك أَو وقَع على
الأَرض أَو طار في السَّحابِ. قال أَبو زيد: سَنا البرْق ضَوْءُه من غير
أَن ترَى البرْقَ أَو ترى مَخرَجَه في موْضِعه، فإنما يكون السَّنا بالليل
دون النهار وربما كان في غير سَحابٍ.
Hu (IT,
He) adores and praises ITself and suddenly life is SEEN (under
the indirect flash of Sana) as a byproduct of IT adoring ITself (IT's
Baha or overwhelming beauty is radiant: filled with infinite
energies). Never has any creature been able to offer praise and
adoration for Allah,
it was/is/will be the case that Allah offered such
admirations for ITself and we appeared as creatures—entangled—with
these Divine Self-adorations! As we see a ball’s trajectory into the
air and never wonder about the fact that the ball which was stationary
needed
only the external application of energy which caused it to move into
the air,
similarly we were all silent until Hu (IT, He)
adored ITself and the
radiation from that adoration charged our sudden motion of Sabbaha!
Tashdid of Ba: Formation of the
Individual
The Tashdid of Harf (Divine Alphabet)
Ba (‘b’ sound) fuels the
necessary energies for the prehension,
a prehension that is felt
by an individual being. These energies form the individual and its
subjective-form that feels the vector of the prehension.
From the self-entanglement of the Harf (Divine Alphabet)
Ba (‘b’ sound)
rises the genesis of the individual. Therefore what we perceive as
individual is nothing but the overwhelming beauty of Baha i.e. the
self-entangled radiant beauty of Ahadiyat (Mode: Allah and none
else)!
For that reason, within the Prophetic Language we find the terms Ahad
and Wahid and Fard—different forms of one— which are also used for the
individuals within the creation. Had the Tashdid of Harf (Divine
Alphabet) Ba (‘b’ sound) not been there, then we could not have had
the
concept of the individual or one or ‘1’, and creation and life as we
observe them today could not have existed.
Sabbaha (Sanctified): The past
tense
There are three occurrences of Sabbaha (Sanctified) within the Qur’an
and in all the three the verb Sabbaha is the beginning of the verse
i.e.
the verse is Jumla-Fa’liya (Verbal Sentence):
Sabbaha (Sanctified), for Allah, (by)
what (is) within the heavens and
the earth [57:1]
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
Sabbaha (Sanctified), for Allah, (by)
what (is) within the heavens and
what (is) within the earth [59:1]
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
Sabbaha (Sanctified), for Allah, (by)
what (is) within the heavens and
what (is) within the earth [61:1]
سَبَّحَ
لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ
Note: ‘Sabbaha (Sanctified) for Allah’ is
better
translated as ‘Allah was sanctified’. Whenever possible, I have tried
to
keep the same sentence structure as in the Arabic, but the reader
should understand that the verb is placed at the beginning of the
sentence in this case
Abdul-.Qadir Al-Baghdadi (Khazanatul
Adab)
And then he versed: "I am the son of (one) unveiled as a celebrity"; in
this sentence, the ‘one/person’ is omitted and the
attribute/characterization of the omitted one/person is the Jumla
Fa’liya (Verbal Sentence) i.e.
the past tense ‘unveiled’ while the Fa’il (Doer) is omitted.
Note: Jumla
Fa’liya (Verbal Sentence) is often used as the
attribute/characterization of some entity e.g. the sentence starting
with Sabbaha (Sanctified) means the sanctification by all that is in
heavens and earth characterize the sanctification of Allah.
خزانة الأدب
عبد القادر البغدادي
وأنشد بعده: الوافر أنا ابن جلا وطلاع الثنايا
على أن الموصوف محذوف وصفته جملة فعلية، وهي جلا على أنه فعل ماض، وفاعله
ضمير مستتر فيه، والتقدير: أنا ابن رجل الأمور وكشفها.
Al-Balagha (Umar Bin Alawi bin Abi
Bakr Al-Kuf)
Jumla Fa’liya (Verbal Sentence)
It is a sentence composed of a verb and a subject, it informs by the
origin of its semantics (without the context of what is after it) of
the
transience of a specified period of time. For example if you
said: ‘The sky rained’ the listener is only informed of the
transience of the raining in a specified period of time i.e.
the past.
البلاغةُ
عمر بن علوي بن أبي بكر الكاف
جملةٍ فعليةٍ
ما تركَّبَتْ من فعلٍ و فاعلٍ و هي
تفيدُ بأصلِ وضعها الحدوثَ في زمنٍ مخصوصٍ مع الاختصارِ
فإذا قلتَ أمطَرَتِ
السَّماءُ لم يستفدِ السَامعُ من ذلك إلَا حدوثَ الإمطارِ في
الزمنِ الماضي
Dara
At the beginning of these verses Sabbaha (Sanctified) informs us of the
occurrence of
sanctification in a specific
period, infinitely ancient from before time immemorial i.e. Qidam:
before the passage of time and the transience of this
universe.
Usabbihu in the present tense tells us that all creatures have the
potential
of praising and adoring Allah and that
they do fulfill that
potential. On the other hand, Sabbaha in the past tense tells us that
all creatures stripped from their potentialities praise and adore Allah
without any consideration for probabilities.
Razi
Sabbaha (past tense praised) came in some verses and Usabbihu
(present tense praising) came in others to indicate that all creatures
are praising
and sanctifying Allah
regardless of the period of time. In other words
their very Mahiya (What-ness) is Musabbihiya (Praiser). (No matter how
the final conscresence of the object is, it is a Musabbihiya i.e.
adorer and praiser of Allah no matter what stage of creation and
no
matter what constitution)
تفسير
مفاتيح الغيب ، التفسير الكبير/ الرازي (ت 606 هـ)
المسألة الثانية: جاء في بعض الفواتح {
سَبِّحِ } على لفظ الماضي، وفي بعضها على لفظ المضارع، وذلك إشارة إلى أن
كون هذه الأشياء مسبحة غير مختص بوقت دون وقت، بل هي كانت مسبحة أبداً في
الماضي، وتكون مسبحة أبداً في المستقبل، وذلك لأن كونها مسبحة صفة لازمة
لماهياتها، فيستحيل انفكاك تلك الماهيات عن ذلك التسبيح، وإنما قلنا: إن
هذه المسبحية صفة لازمة لماهياتها، لأن كل ما عدا الواجب ممكن، وكل ممكن
فهو مفتقر إلى الواجب، وكون الواجب واجباً يقتضي تنزيهه عن كل سوء في
الذات والصفات والأفعال والأحكام والأسماء على ما بيناه، فظهر أن هذه
المسبحية كانت حاصلة في الماضي، وتكون حاصلة في المستقبل، والله أعلم.
Li (Specialization)
The proposition Li (For, Specialization) is used after both Sabbaha and
Usabbihu as follows:
1. Li with low sounding ‘eh’ intonation to render the
quietness and silence observed with Allah is
patently present! No one
has the courage to raise their voices or cognate any cognition unless
it is for the sole adoration of That Deified Beloved of the heavens and
earth.
2. Li specifies a viewing direction, from the other
universe to here, where all the Insan Kamil (Perfected
Pupil/Eye) can
behold is ‘for Allah’
exclusively and nothing else.
3. ‘For what is within the heavens and earth’ are all
dedicated and devoted to Allah, there is
no misunderstanding to
whom they belong and who they are praising and adoring.
Al-Lamat (By Al-Zajjaj)
Chapter: The possessive Lam
“In the pronunciation form Li, Li-Zaid means something belonging to
Zaid, it is connected before the name Zaid.
If someone asked what is the difference between:
1. Ghulamu Zaid-e (Zaid’s lad)
2. Ghulamun Li-Zaid-e (a Lad for Zaid)
By saying Ghulamu Zaid-e (Zaid’s lad) you identify the lad by Zaid i.e.
this lad is known because of his relationship to Zaid. On the contrary,
when you say
Ghulamun Li-Zaid-e (a Lad for Zaid), this ‘points’ towards the lad to
inform the listeners that, for instance, if there were number of other
lads this specific one belongs to Zaid.”
Rephrasing for our context:
1. Baitul-lah (Allah’s House)
has no ‘Li’ therefore a
house is made famous for being associated with the name of
Allah. (Allah's Messenger, Allah's She-camel)
2. Lill-Lah (For Allah), on the
contrary makes some
object or act point towards Allah i.e. the object or the act in of
itself is of no consequence except that it forms a ‘vector’ pointing,
directing
towards Allah.
Therefore the Lamic prehension
has a shifted focus, it is not about the
objectification of the subject, it is rather about the prehension
forming a vector that points back towards the Qidam.
Lamic prehensions
are for the
purpose of generating cross-multiversal vectors pointing back at the
Qidam.
اللامات
الزجاجي
باب لام الملك
لام الملك موصلة لمعنى الملك إلى المالك وهي متصلة بالمالك لا المملوك
كقولك: هذه الدار لزيد وهذا المال لعمرو وهذا ثوب لأخيك، وقد تتقدم مع
المالك قبل المملوك إلا أنه لا بد من تقدير فعل تكون من صلته كقولك: لزيد
مال ولعبد الله ثوب لأن التقدير معنى الملك، قال الشاعر: لليلى بأعلى ذي
معارك منزل خلاء تنادى أهله فتحملـوا
فإن قال قائل فما الفرق بين قولك هذا غلام زيد وهذا غلام لزيد إذا كنت قد
أضفته في الوجهين إلى زيد قيل له الفرق بينهما أنك إذا قلت هذا غلام زيد
فقد عرفته بزيد وإنما تخاطب بهذا من قد عرف ملك زيد إياه وشهر به عنده
وإذا قلت هذا غلام لزيد، فإن ما تشير إلى غلام منكور ثم عرفت مخاطبك أن
زيدا يملكه في عدة غلمان أو وحده فأفدته من معنى الملك ما لم يعلمه فهذه
مخاطبة من لم يعلم ملك زيد إياه حتى أفدته وغلام في هذا الوجه نكرة وإن
كانت اللام قد أدت عن معنى إضافته إلى زيد لأنها تفصل بين المضاف والمضاف
إليه من أن يتعرف المضاف به أو يكون المضاف إليه تماما له،
Lam (The ‘L’ sounding alphabet) comes into two varieties:
1. La, sounding as in cat, and it sounds as such only
when it is connected before a personal pronoun La-Kum (For you)
2. Li, sounding as lit and it sounds as such only
when it is connected before a name e.g. Li-Zaid
(For Zaid)
La is the louder sound referring to an absence while Li is the lowered
sound referring to an actual presence.
La-Hu (For IT,
For Him) is a louder sound of La to indicate the absence
i.e. Allah
is not patently present and therefore we dare raise our
voices, there is no need to maintain the Adab (Etiquette)
since the
Divine
Presence is missing.
Li-llah (For Allah)
is a lower sound of Li to indicate the presence
i.e. Allah is patently present and therefore we do not dare raise
our voices, and there is an obligation to maintain the Adab (Etiquette)
for Divine Presence:
20:108 All sounds shall humble themselves in the Presence of ((Allah))
Most Gracious: nothing shalt thou hear but the tramp of their feet (as
they march).
وَخَشَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ لِلرَّحْمَنِ فَلَا تَسْمَعُ
إِلَّا هَمْسًا
Therefore there are two distinct categories of Lamic Prehensions:
1. Li: Facing the Divine Presence
2. La: Lack of the Divine Presence
Li as we get closer to the Qidam
and
La as we get
closer to our
potential forms in this transient world.
اللامات
الزجاجي
باب لام المضمر
لام المضمر هي اللام الخافضة للأسماء في خبر إن أو غيره كقولك: هذا لك
ولكما ولكم ولهم وله وما أشبه ذلك كما قال تعالى: (لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ
وَلِيَ دِينِ)؛ ولهم أجر غير ممنون؛ وهي مفتوحة مع جميع المضمرات إلا مع
ضمير الواحد إذا أخبر عن نفسه كقولك: لي غلام ولي ثوب وإنما انكسرت مع
الياء هاهنا لأن من شأن ياء الإضافة أن تكسر ما قبلها إلا أن يكون حرف مد
ولين كقولك: هذا ثوبي وغلامي ورأيت ثوبي وغلامي ومررت بثوبي وغلامي يكون
على حال واحدة كما ترى، فإن كان قبلها ألف لم يمكن كسرها لأن الحركة في
الألف غير سائغة فتترك الألف على حالها وتفتح ياء الإضافة كقولك: هذان
غلاماي وهذا فتاي ورأيت فتاي ومررت بفتاي ورحاي كما قال الله جل وعز هي
عصاي أتوكأ عليها ومن العرب من يقلب الألف ياء فيدغم فيقول هذه عصي ورحي
ومنه قول بعض الصحابة وضعوا اللج على قفي قال أبو ذؤيب: سبقوا هوي وأعنقوا
لهواهم ففقدتهم ولكل جنب مصرع
فإن قال قائل فإذا كانت لام المضمر هذه التي ذكرتها هي اللام الخافضة
بمعنى الملك والا ستحقاق في الخبر وغيره فلم فتحت مع المضمر وكسرت مع الظاهر
فقيل هذا غلام لزيد وهذا غلام لك وما أشبه ذلك فالجواب في ذلك أن أصل هذه
اللام الفتح لأن أصل هذه الحروف التي جاءت على حرف واحد للمعاني الفتح نحو
السين الدالة على الاستقبال وواو العطف وفائه والواو والتاء في القسم
والواو بمعنى رب، ولام الابتداء وما أشبه ذلك وإنما يكسر منها ما يكسر
فصلا بين مشتبهين أو يكون ما يجيء منها مكسورا نزرا يسيرا عندما جاء منها
مفتوحا ومن الدليل أيضا على أن أصل لام الخفض الفتح وأنها فتحت مع المضمر
على أصلها أنك تقدر على إضمار كل مظهر ولست تقدر على إظهار كل مضمر على
معناه نحو المضمر في نعم وبئس وباب كان وإن وفي ربه رجلا والمضمر وكذلك
قولك: زيد قام وما أشبه ذلك فتحت اللام الخافضة مع المضمر على أصلها وكسرت
مع الظاهر فرقا بينها وبين لام التوكيد لأنك لو فتحتها مع الظاهر أشبهت
لام التوكيد ألا ترى أنك لو قلت وأنت تريد الإضافة إن هذا لزيد لم
يعلم هل قصدت إلى إضافة المشار إليه إلى زيد أو إلى الإخبار بأن المشار
إليه زيد، فإن قال قائل، فإن الإعراب ينبئ عن ذلك لأنك كنت تقول في
الإضافة إن هذا لزيد بالخفض فإذا لم ترد الإضافة كنت تقول إن هذا لزيد
بالرفع قيل له الإعراب يسقط في الوقف فيسقط الدليل فجعل الفرق باللام لئلا
يزول في وصل ولا وقف فكان أبين دلالة مما يدل في حال ويسقط في حال فأما
المضمر فلا لبس في مثل هذه الحال لأن علامة المضمر المخفوض غير علامة
المضمر المرفوع، فإن ت تقول إذا أردت الإضافة إن هذا لك ولكما ولكم وإذا
لم ترد الإضافة وأردت أن المشار إليه هو المخاطب أو غيره وأن الثاني هو
الأول قلت إن هذا لأنت فلم يقع فيه لبس فبقيت اللام على أصلها مفتوحة وهذا
بين واضح
Al-Lamat (by Al-Zajjaj)
Chapter: Lami al-Istihqaq (Lam for
worthiness)
“The Lam for Istihqaq (Worthiness) has a lower sound:. Li as in
Al-Hamdu (The
Praise) Li-lLahi (Worthy only for Allah). Sibawayh is of
the opinion that this type of low sounding Li indicates Istiqrar
(Establishment, Constancy, Continuance, Permanency) i.e. Al-Hamdu (The
Praise) is an established constancy with perpetual continuance
Lil-Lahi
(For Allah).”
In our context again the Li Prehension
is a deeply rooted and durable
vectorial prehension
of Qidam,
for the purpose of
directing towards
Allah.
اللامات الزجاجي
باب لام الاستحقاق
لام الاستحقاق خافضة لما يتصل بها كما
تخفض لام الملك ومعنياهما متقاربان
إلا أنا فصلنا بينهما لأن من الأشياء ما تستحق ولا يقع عليها الملك، ولام
الاستحقاق كقوله عز وجل: (الحمد لله رب العالمين) و(الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ
الَّذِي هَدَانَا لِهَذَا)؛ وكقولك: المنة في هذا لزيد والفضل فيما تسديه
إلي لزيد ألا ترى أن المنة والفضل ليس مما يملك وإن كان المملوك والمستحق
حاصلين للمستحق والمالك، ولام الملك والاستحقاق جميعا من صلة فعل أو معناه
لا بد من ذلك، وكذلك سائر حروف الخفض كلها صلات لأفعال تتقدمها وتتأخر
عنها كقولك: الحمد لله رب العالمين؛ والمال لزيد يقدر سيبويه فيهما معنى
الاستقرار تقديره عنده المال مستقر لزيد والحمد مستقر لله تعالى، وكذلك
يقدر في الظروف كلها معنى الاستقرار والفراء يقدر معنى الحلول كقولك: زيد
في الدار تقديره عنده زيد حل في الدار؛ وأما الكسائي فلم يحفظ عنه في ذلك
تقدير ولكن يسمى الحروف الخافضة والظروف كلها الصفات وينصبها لمخالفتها
الأسماء
Non-cognitive Tasbih Example: Gene
Expression
The best example of the non-cognitive Tasbih (Sanctification for Allah)
is the DNA transcription and translation. Each of these operations, in
and of itself, is a form of praise, adoration and sanctification:
http://www.biostudio.com/demo_freeman_protein_synthesis.htm
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/~clt011/flash/samples/protein.swf
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter15/animations.html
Note: The protein transcription and translation
units, as well as the codons are three nucleotides long just like the
Sabbaha made from three Ahruf (Divine Alphabets)!
Each time these nucleotides are copied or placed, the molecules made
Usabbihu (present tense praise) for Allah.
The conserved codons and other conserved sequences are indeed the
primordial i.e. they are the abstraction for Sabbah (past tense
praised)
These DNA sequences and biopolymers are ‘what is within the heavens and
earth’ or they are the very abstractions that do render Tasbih for
Allah.
Q: How do they make their Tasbih? With what language?
A: Baqli:
“Whatever exists and all their subparts and subunits sanctified Allah
by the language of ‘Ajz (Helplessness) i.e. inability to reach to a
praising-rank befitting to praise Allah, and with the additional
language of Iftiqar (Neediness) i.e. complete neediness for Allah. In
reality, Hu (IT, He)
Sabbaha (Praised, Sanctified) ITself with their
tongues/languages and with their
deeds for they are Hu’s deeds by which He characterized ITs/His
Self.
For even
before the existence of the Universe, Hu Purified Hus (ITs, His) own
Nafs (Divine
Self) through ITs own infinitely
ancient Divine Attribute (in Qidam)
and then characterized
ITs own Nafs (Divine
Self) through ITs deeds thus ennobling the creation
and exalting the Truth . ITs own sanctification overpowers the
sanctification of the creation i.e. Allah has made an edict (Hukm) that
all creatures are to remain unable to praise and to sanctify Hu (IT,
Him) as
indicated by the trailer of the verse [57:1] And Hu (IT, He) is Al-Aziz
(Mighty) and Al-Hakim (Wise giver of edicts)!”
تفسير عرائس البيان
في حقائق القرآن/ البقلي (ت 606 هـ)
نزه الله الاكوان ومن فيها بلسان العجز عن البلوغ الى ثنائه وبلسان
الافتقار اليه وفى الحقيقة هو سبح لنفسه بالسنتهم لانها افعاله وبافعاله
وصف نفسه اذ هو قبل وجود الكون نزه نفسه بصفته القديمة ثم وصف نفسه بفعله
تشريفا للخليقة وتعظيما للحقيقة فتنزيهه غالب على تنزيه الخلق وحكم بعجزهم
عن تسبيحه بقوله { وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ }.
Dara
The genes Usabbihu (Praise in present continuous tense) in the
languages of the Quantum Relativist Mechanics,
weak and strong nuclear forces, the orbital language of the molecular
bonds and the incredible perpetual machine of the Brownian Motion and
its
underlying thermodynamical processes and … yes we get tired counting
the
number of languages of involved in this gene translation operation
which occurs trillions of times in a single body per day… If you count
the number of
gene expressions in all creatures since the dawn of life on this planet
up to now … this would give you a sense of the magnitude of the ‘what
within the
heavens and the earth’…
Moses’ Angelic Tasbih
Nusabbihu-Ka,
present plural ‘we shall/are
sanctify(ing) You’ only for Moses and his brother as a team [20:33]
كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ
كَثِيرًا
Compare the above to the angelic praises alphabetized in the Qur'an:
Nusabbihu,
present plural ‘we shall/are
sanctify(ing)’ followed by "Bi-Hamdi-Ka (By means of Your Praise)" for
the
angels [2:30]
يُفْسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ وَنَحْنُ نُسَبِّحُ
بِحَمْدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
What was grand and special about the person of Moses, peace be upon him
and his noble mother and noble brother, was that he had a very unique
and special ‘angelic’ Tasbih! His Tasbih has been rendered in a similar
manner as that of the angels and even better since Ka (you) was added
to the
end of this Tasbih i.e. Nusabbihu-Ka, while it was not appended to the
end
of the angelic Tasbih!
This mark of the grandness of this prophet-hood totally eclipses the
crossing of
the Nile!
Nowhere else in the Qur’an and for no one else can such an
alphabetization of praise be found.
©
2007-2002, Dara O. Shayda, Dr. Hind Rifai